| Abstract Scope |
Metallic anodes have the potential to enable batteries with enormous capacities. Indeed, lithium metal is known as the “holy grail” of anodes, as it has the highest theoretical capacity, lowest density, and most negative electrochemical potential of known anode materials for rechargeable batteries. However, dendrites of lithium can form during cycling, thereby leading to significant safety issues. Sodium metal has similar safety concerns and comparatively slower kinetics. Despite their issues, sodium metal anodes have recently received increased attention due to sodium’s natural abundance and relatively low cost. However, prior to real applications, a comprehensive understanding of both lithium’s and sodium’s mechanical properties is vital, e.g., in designing solid-state electrolytes capable of mitigating unstable (dendritic) growth. To this end, through nanoindentation and bulk tensile testing, we report the mechanical properties of metallic sodium and lithium anodes and discuss implications in terms of battery applications. |