| About this Abstract |
| Meeting |
2022 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition
|
| Symposium
|
REWAS 2022: Automation and Digitalization for Advanced Manufacturing
|
| Presentation Title |
Determining the Bubble Dynamics of a Top Submerged Lance Smelter |
| Author(s) |
Avinash Kandalam, Markus Reinmöller, Michael Stelter, Markus A Reuter, Alexandros Charitos |
| On-Site Speaker (Planned) |
Avinash Kandalam |
| Abstract Scope |
Top Submerged Lance (TSL) smelter is widely used in non-ferrous metallurgy to extract various primary and secondary materials. The technology has found wide application with regard to copper, lead and zinc, nickel tin, while applications concerning iron and municipal solid waste treatment have been reported. As of 2019, there are about 66 operating TSL plants globally. By controlling the air/fuel ratio (i.e. by lambda value), the TSL can be operated under oxidizing/reducing/inert conditions. The bubble dynamics play a crucial role in determining the reaction kinetics, splashing, turbulence, sloshing as well as the refractory and lance wear. This paper shows the efforts to determine the bubble dynamics in a cold TSL-model using acoustic measurements, lance motion system, and high-speed photography. The results show a correlation between bubble dynamics with respect to varying lance submersion depths, bath properties (varying viscosities and densities, i.e. glycerol/water mixtures), and lance flow rates (i.e. airflow). |
| Proceedings Inclusion? |
Planned: |
| Keywords |
Extraction and Processing, Pyrometallurgy, Process Technology |