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Meeting 2023 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition
Symposium Powder Materials Processing and Fundamental Understanding
Presentation Title Characterising the Vapour Plume and Preferential Vaporisation of Alloy Elements during Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing
Author(s) Anna C.M. Getley, Samy Hocine, Elena Ruckh, Rubén Lambert-Garcia, Sebastian Marussi, Peter D Lee, Mike Towrie, Chu Lun Alex Leung
On-Site Speaker (Planned) Anna C.M. Getley
Abstract Scope Additive Manufacturing (AM) is regarded as the next revolution in the manufacturing sector. Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), a subset of AM, enables the design freedom to create progressively complex metal components; during the process, a bed of alloy powder is fused into solid via layer-wise melting with a high-power laser. A critical limitation influencing LPBF is preferential vaporisation; a phenomenon describing the unequal loss of alloy elements from the laser-matter interaction zone, due to differing physical properties. Preferential vaporisation has been sparingly observed in AM-printed parts through destructive techniques. This study presents the first demonstration of in situ synchrotron radiography and chemical characterisation techniques to analyse surface composition changes in a non-destructive fashion. We apply these experimental methods to link keyhole dimensions with surface chemistry, and further report a process map of preferential vaporisation across an AM track, as a function of LPBF parameters, over multiple industrial alloys.
Proceedings Inclusion? Planned:
Keywords Additive Manufacturing, Other, Characterization

OTHER PAPERS PLANNED FOR THIS SYMPOSIUM

A-57: Efficient Production of Y2O3-Decorated Ti4822 Powder as an Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Material for Powder-Bed-Based Additive Manufacturing
A-58: Instance Segmentation for the Characterization of Metal Powders Using Synthetic Datasets
A-59: The Characterization of CoCrFeMnCu High Entropy Alloy Powders Produced by Gas Atomization for Powder-based Additive Manufacturing Processes
A-60: Understanding Surface Roughness on Vertical Surfaces via Computational Simulations in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing
A New Hybrid Manufacturing Approach to Diffusion Bond and Functionally Grade Materials Demonstrated Through Titanium Alloys and Nickel-based Superalloys
Additive Manufacturing and Spark Plasma Sintering: Fabrication of Powder Components with Cooling Channels
Additive Manufacturing of Powder Components Based on Subtractive Sintering Approach
Advanced Materials for Neutron Detection Applications: Design and Synthesis of Alkaline-earth Doped Hexaborides
Analytical Models for Initial and Intermediate Stages of Sintering of Stainless Steel Manufactured by Binder Jetting
Anisotropy in Sintering of Parts Produced by BinderJet 3D Printing
Characterising the Vapour Plume and Preferential Vaporisation of Alloy Elements during Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing
Combustion Synthesis of B4C-TiB2 Composite Nanoparticle by Self-propagating High Temperature Synthesis (SHS) in B2O3 – TiO2 – Mg - C System
Combustion Synthesis of ZrC-TiC Composite Nanoparticle by Self-Propagating High Temperature Synthesis (SHS) in ZrO2 – TiO2 – Mg / Al - C System
Composition Control and Analysis of Sub-stoichiometric Titanium Hydride Powders
Cyclic Phase Transition Assisted Spark Plasma Sintering of AlCoCrFeNi Complex Concentrated Alloys
Design and Synthesis of Alkaline-earth Doped Hexaborides with Sodium and Potassium Dopants
Discrete Element Method Based Simulations of Metal Powder Pouring and Raking Processes in Additive Manufacturing
Effect of Powder Morphology on Densification and Microstructural Gradients of Titanium in Spark Plasma Sintering
Effects of Inoculants on Melt Pool Geometry and Formation of Grain Structure in Inconel 718 Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Eu-doped Ca4-x-y(Sr,Ba)xEuyLaO(BO3)3 Compounds for Efficient White-light Illumination
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Fabrication of Nanoporous Aluminum Powders via Thermal and Chemical Processing
Freeze Casting of LaNbO4 Shape Memory Ceramics
Friction and Wear Performance of Spark Plasma Sintered Nanocrystalline Al-Mg Materials
Gravitation Effects on Sintering
Immobilization of Laccases on ZnO and CuO Nanoparticles and the Effect of Copper Ions on Their Stability and Catalytic Activity
Investigation of Gas Atomization Reaction Synthesis (GARS) Processing Parameters for Controlled Synthesis of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) Ferritic Stainless Steels for Advanced Nuclear Reactor Applications
LLZO Powder Synthesis & Design for Maintaining Li Stoichiometry in Powders and Dense Membranes
Manufacturing of Porous Tungsten via Place-Holder Spark Plasma Sintering for Nuclear Fusion Applications
Mapping Directed Energy Deposition of Nickel Superalloys Through In-situ Synchrotron Radiography
Metal Powder Characterization Through the Experimental Method and Machine Learning Approach in Selective Laser Melting
Methodology for Material Selection of Optimal Additive Manufactured Alloys and Parameter Sets for Space Optical Instruments
Minimizing Anisotropy and Cracking During Co-sintering of Layered Ceramics: Examples for Electronics, Energy and Catalysis
Morphology Control of Doped Hafnium Carbide Powders
Multi-scale Modeling of the Electric Field Assisted Sintering Process
Novel Method of BiFeO3 Purification by Acid Washing Determined from ICP-MS Analyses
Powder Metallurgy Co Base Superalloys and High Entropy Alloys: Beyond Ni-base Superalloys for High-temperature Applications
Powder Quality and Cold Spray Processability Changes with Environmental Exposure
Reveal Laser-matter Interaction during Laser Powder Bed Fusion Using a Physical Twin, X-ray and Optical Imaging
Scalable Synthesis of Flowable Porous Copper Powders and Nanoscale Welding for High Surface Area 3D Printed Parts
Sintering Mechanism for Polycrystalline Diamond
Spark Plasma Sintering of Stabilized Zirconia: Strategies to Design Ceramics with Tailored Properties
Studying SiOC Atomic Structures via Synchrotron X-ray and Reactive Force Field Potential Studies
Synthesis and Crystallography of High Entropy Metal Carbides: A New Class of Ultrahigh Temperature Ceramics
Synthesis of Ti-Al Intermetallic Compound Fine Powder Using Shuttle of Proportionation and Disproportionation Reactions in Molten Salt
Tailored Morphology of TaC Nanoparticles by Introduction of Transition Metal Dopants
The Improvement of Surface Roughness on Vertical Surfaces for 316L Stainless Steel in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing
The Microstructure and Hardness of Zn-3(wt.%)Mg Powders Processed via High Pressure Torsion
Thermogravimetric Analysis of Additive Ti-6Al-4V Powders in Gaseous Environments
Toward the Flash Sintering of Complex Shapes, the Key Steps of Microwave Energy and 3D Printing
Tuning Nano/microstructure and Properties by Densification of Metastable Powders
Understanding Solidification and Alloying Effects in Oxide Dispersoid Strengthened Alloy Powders Produced by Gas Atomization Reaction Synthesis
X-ray Synchrotron Imaging of Laser Melted Ti-6Al-4V Powders with Varying Oxygen Content, Powder Size Distributions, and Gaseous Environments
Young Leaders International Scholar – JIM: Intermetallic Compounds as Catalysts and Usefulness of Metallurgy
AddFAST: A Hybrid Technique for Tailoring Microstructures in Titanium-Titanium Composites
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