| Abstract Scope |
The continuous growth of the global economy has led to mass-production of short-lived products, over-exploitation of scarce resources and generation of huge amounts of waste. The Circular Economy, has the goal of reducing resource consumption through reuse, and recycling of materials and maximizing energy efficiency. Ceramics play a significant role in it: after recovery of recyclable materials, incineration is often used to recover part of the energy and to reduce municipal solid waste mass and volume. However, incineration generates by-products such as bottom and fly ash which is subjected to environmental. Thermal treatment, and in particular, vitrification is proved to be effective in reducing their leachability. Nevertheless, vitrification is a costly process. In an attempt to adapt to the circular economy, we aim to utilize vitrified bottom ash and fly ash in the construction industry to bring added value after the costly vitrification while confirming their environmental safety. |