| Abstract Scope |
Refractory multiprincipal element alloys (RMPEAs), containing elements such as Ti, Nb, Zr, Mo, and Ta, have been the focus of an increased number of studies for orthopedic implants. These alloys are promising candidates to replace incumbent Ti and CoCr alloys due to their excellent combination of biocompatibility, ductility, formability, low elastic modulus, high yield strength, and moderate wear resistance. This study applies a novel surface treatment to these alloys that results in an exceptional surface hardness of 23 GPa while preserving the low modulus of the bulk component. A gradient of microstructures with high hardness is obtained by alteration of surface treatment parameters. Applicability of the design strategy to broader compositions is demonstrated. Wear resistance and osteoblastic cell viability for the various treated microstructures is explored. |