| Abstract Scope |
The aim of this study was to fabricate dental membrane scaffolds using one of the most recent manufacturing methods, 3D-printing. A high-antioxidant source of pomegranate peel (PPE) and seed (PSE) extract mixture was used as a replacement for antibiotic intake, and their antimicrobial activity was analyzed and resulted in a noticeable antimicrobial effect on S. aureus and E. faecalis bacteria. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was used to test the biological content of pomegranate seed and peel extract. The phenolic content of pomegranate peel was higher than pomegranate seed extract. Therefore, in this study, PPE: PSE were mixed at a ratio of 2:1. Additionally, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, and microbial nanohydroxyapatite were used as main components of scaffolds. Microbial nanohydroxyapatite was produced from the probiotic bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans and was used to support bone regeneration. |