| Abstract Scope |
Hydrogels, renowned for their biocompatibility, mechanical flexibility, and optical transparency, have emerged as an innovative class of materials for interfacing with biological environments. Our research focuses on developing hydrogel-based programmable and flexible optical materials and devices to enhance photon transport in biological systems. In peripheral nerve control, targeted light delivery to mechanically dynamic tissues is essential. To minimize light transmission loss under dynamic conditions, we engineered hydrogels with high transmittance and a high refractive index by controlling the growth of polymeric nanocrystalline domains. This innovation led to the creation of hydrogel optical fibers with a core-cladding structure for optogenetic modulation of peripheral nerves under mechanical loading. For solar-powered reactions, such as algal photosynthesis, uniform light distribution is critical. To address light penetration limits, we designed hydrogel fibers with strong scattering abilities by incorporating nanosized scattering centers. This design allows homogenized light penetration, improving photosynthetic efficiency. |